Which term describes the process of converting solar energy into a usable form of electricity?

The term that describes the process of converting solar energy into a usable form of electricity is photovoltaic conversion. This process specifically involves the use of solar panels that contain solar cells, which are made from semiconductor materials. When sunlight strikes the solar cells, it excites electrons within the material, creating a flow of electricity. This is the fundamental principle behind photovoltaic technology, which effectively transforms solar radiation directly into electric power.

Photovoltaic conversion is well recognized in the field of renewable energy and is a key technology for harnessing solar power. The efficiency of this conversion can vary based on the materials used and the technology deployed, but the core principle remains the same: sunlight is converted directly into electricity. This makes it a pivotal aspect of solar energy utilization.