Which deterrent might be used to protect a substation from bird intrusion?

Bird intrusion can pose significant risks to substations, including equipment damage and service interruptions. Among the various deterrents listed, lasers have been used effectively to protect substations from bird intrusion. The reason lasers are suitable is that they create a visual deterrent that discourages birds from perching or nesting. The bright, moving light can startle birds and make the area less attractive to them, thereby reducing the likelihood of intrusion.

While spikes, sound devices, and electric fencing are also utilized in various contexts, they may not offer the same effectiveness in deterring birds specifically. Spikes can prevent perching but may not be suitable for all areas, and sound devices can sometimes be less effective as birds can become habituated to the sounds. Electric fencing might be less relevant since it is mainly designed to keep animals out rather than specifically targeting birds. Therefore, utilizing lasers offers a dynamic and visually impactful solution for protecting substations from bird-related issues.