What is the main purpose of a grounding system in electrical installations?

The main purpose of a grounding system in electrical installations is to prevent electrical shock. A well-designed grounding system provides a path for electrical fault currents to safely dissipate into the earth. This is critical in minimizing the risk of electric shock to individuals who may come into contact with equipment or systems during normal operation or during fault conditions.

Grounding serves multiple safety functions: it helps protect against surges, reduces the risk of fires due to unintended electrical currents, and ensures that any exposed conductive parts are at the same voltage as the earth. This reduces the potential difference between the ground and the human body, lowering the risk of electrical shock.

While grounding can contribute indirectly to system efficiency and safety in relation to overvoltage protection, its primary role is fundamentally centered around safety—specifically in protecting people from electric shock hazards and ensuring safe operation of electrical systems.