What is the main purpose of a grounding electrode?

The primary purpose of a grounding electrode is to provide a path for fault currents. This is critical for ensuring safety in electrical systems. When there is a fault, such as a short circuit, the grounding electrode directs the fault current safely into the earth, thereby reducing the risk of electric shock to individuals and minimizing the potential for equipment damage or fire hazards. By establishing this low-impedance path, the grounding electrode plays an essential role in protecting both the electrical system and its users.

Other options relate to benefits that grounding might indirectly support, such as improving system performance or energy efficiency, but they are not the main purpose of a grounding electrode. For instance, enhancing voltage output is not a function of a grounding electrode; instead, its focus is on safety and fault current management.